\type #fblack Type refers to the vegetal characteristic of the tree. #fyellow Deciduous#d - The leaves on the tree are not persistant. They fall off the tree during its dormant period, which is usaully during the winter. #fyellow Evergreen#d - The tree stays in its green foliage condition all year round. #fyellow Needled-Evergreen#d - Trees with very narrow leaves. Many Needled-Evergreens are coniferous such as pines, firs and spruce species. \evergreen #fyellow Evergreen#d - The tree stays in its green foliage condition all year round. \needled-evergreen #fyellow Needled-Evergreen#d - Trees with very narrow leaves. Many Needled-Evergreens are coniferous such as pines, firs and spruce species. \Deciduous #fyellow Deciduous#d - The leaves on the tree are not persistent. They fall off the tree during its dormant period. Usually during the winter. \height range Look above your planting site and its surroundings. You do not want to plant a tree under power lines, which means you will eventually have to prune the top or too close to a house or other trees. For example, the #mtree height#m and an understanding of its eventual #mwidth#m, may be important, if there is something you need to hide or screen from a particular view. \more about zones The location or #mzone classification#m in which you live determines the hardiness or cold tolerance of a tree. All trees have a minimum temperature that they can survive. If the temperature drops below the tree's tolerance it may die. \zone classification The zoning classification used in this system is from the United States Department of Agriculture. It is a simple system that divides the United States into ten plant hardiness zones that are described by the lowest recorded winter temperatures. Remember that these zones are only guidelines and climates often vary within each zone. \bonsai An ancient Asiatic art of dwarfing trees and shrubs and planting them in small pots. In Japan, some bonsai trees are known to be at least 300 years old and are handed down from generation to generation. \function #fyellow ABUSE TAKERS#d - These are trees which will grow where all else fails. #fyellow ATTRACTIVE FRUITS AND BERRIES#d - Trees that produce edible and inedible fruits that are very colorful and in many cases, long lasting. #fyellow ATTRACTIVE WINTER LOOK#d - In the winter when these trees lose their leaves they provide a spectacular contrast against the sky or other #mevergreen#m or #mneedled-evergreen#m trees. #fyellow CAN BE DWARFED#d - Many trees can be dwarfed or used as a #mbonsai#m. These trees can be dwarfed by restricting their roots in a container and pruned carefully. #fyellow CAN BE SHEARED#d - Many trees seem to be relentlessly attacked by pruning shears to conform to a desired shape or structure. Unfortunately, many trees respond poorly to shearing or heavy pruning. These trees are those that can be sheared. #fyellow EXCELLENT FALL COLOR#d - #mDeciduous#m trees that display spectacular colors in the fall. #fyellow DROUGHT TOLERANT#d - Many parts of the Western United States has a distinctive short rainy season with a long period of hot, dry months. With periodic annual droughts, watering trees artificially in this area is expensive and resourcefully unsound. These trees need little or no water during this hot, dry period. #fyellow PATIO AND GARDEN TREES#d - These trees are relatively small, well-behaved and provide shade and beautiful seasonal color. Their root sytems are not likely to crack pavement or rob water and nutrients from surrounding plants. Garden trees are as well-behaved as the patio trees, but may be messy, by dropping a lot of leaves and/or fruit. The larger garden trees could be used in larger landscapes for needed height or shade. #fyellow RAPID GROWING#d - Many trees are fast growing (two to three feet per year), but these trees grow three feet or more a year and attain a good mature look within five years. #fyellow SCREENS AND BUFFERS#d - Trees can be used to block unsightly objects and views or provide privacy from without. They can also be used to buffer sounds from busy streets (if planted thickly enough). These trees can be used for these purposes. #fyellow URBAN TOLERANT#d - Urban areas provide a harsh environment for many plant species, because of air pollution, higher temperatures, a lot of night lighting, which causes high #mtranspiration#m, and limited open soil surface for air and water. These trees are known to perform well in urban areas. \transpiration The physiological process by which water is given off by the leaves through the stomata, situated usually in both the lower and upper side of the leaf. In other words, its a plants way of "sweating". Water loss is high during long light periods, high temperatures and when wind blows across the leaves. Water loss is low when, day lengths are short (less light), temperatures are low and there is no wind. Transpiration can be reduced by shading plants and also protecting them from high winds. \season Fruit color and fruit production occur at different seasons of the year. You can choose whichever season you prefer. Generally, #fyellow Spring#d refers to March, April and May. #fyellow Summer#d refers to June, July and August. #fyellow Fall#d refers to September, October and November. Lastly, #fyellow Winter#d refers to December, January and February. \color Fruit color and fruit production occur at different seasons of the year. You can choose whichever color you prefer. \fall color These trees produce a spectacular display of fall color, during the months of September, October and November. You can choose whichever fall color you prefer. \common and scientific names Scientific names are in Latin, the worldwide language of scholars at the time plant classification was formalized. Full scientific name RootDirectory is set up in 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 such a way as to encourage � Genus Species � the use of scientific names. � � They are used in nurseries, #fyellow Acacia baileyana 'Purpurea'#d magazines, plant catalogues � and horticultural classes. #mCultivar#m more... Genus Species Common names may vary from � � one part of the globe to #fyellow Acer obiongum var. biauritum#d another, but a plant has only � one scientific name, which is #mVariety#m the same all over the globe. Genus Species � � The more one learns the #fyellow Cotinus coggygria#d scientific names, the more #fyellow (Rhus continus)#d 컴 #mSynonym#m exact one will be discussing #fyellow Smoke tree#d 컴 Common name them and in finding them in reference material. \Cultivar A cultivar is a horticultural or cultivated variety which is propagated for desirable characteristics. \Variety A variation in plant form or habit, foliage or flower characteristics. \Synonym Previous scientific name. \SOIL The original soil should be used to backfill, when planting the tree. Do not add any additional amendments to the soil. Adding additional amendments reduces its ability to adapt to the surrounding soil it will be growing into. \BURLAP A coarse fabric made of jute, flax, hemp or cotton, used for wrapping, bagging, etc. \DUGUP There may be times when you may want to "dig up" and transplant a tree to another location. This can be a simple operation, but one must keep a few essentials in mind. First, as much of the plants roots should remain on the plant and not be allowed to dry out during the operation and after it is transplanted. Third, the destination hole should be big enough, so roots will not be jammed and smashed together in order to squeeze them in. \ROUNDPOINT #fyellow Uses:#d ditch digging, scooping, and digging planting holes. #fyellow Advantage:#d Vertical sides are easier to create in planting holes and ditches. #fyellow Disadvantage:#d Heavy and large for some people. \GARDEN_SHOVEL #fyellow Uses:#d digging planting holes, cultivating and edging. #fyellow Advantage:#d Lighter and smaller than the round-pointed shovel. #fyellow Disadvantage:#d Not strong enough for tougher jobs. \TRANSPLANTING_SHOVEL #fyellow Uses:#d digging planting holes and transplanting trees and shrubs. #fyellow Advantage:#d Easier to maneuver while transplanting and lighter than the round-pointed shovel and garden shovel. #fyellow Disadvantage:#d May cause back ache for those with weak backs if not used properly. \SOIL The original soil should be used to backfill, when planting the tree. Do not add any additional amendments to the soil. Adding additional amendments reduces its ability to adapt to the surrounding soil it will be growing into. \ \STEP1 Gently pull the tree out of the container by holding the can with one hand and pulling at the base of the tree with the other hand. If the tree will not come out, try tapping on the sides of the container with your shovel. Some cans, such as metal types, should be cut with tin snips or can-cutters. A plant should never be forced out of a container, as it may damage the roots. Clip off any circling or matted up roots, as these will seriously impair the future growth of the tree. After the is free of the container, place it in the #mhole#m, with the soil line of the tree level or slightly higher than the surrounding soil. \STEP2 Backfill the hole, firming it with the handle end of your shovel as you go. Backfill to the level of the surrounding soil or slightly higher. \STEP3 After backfilling, create a ridge or mound around the planting hole. Slowly water the tree, until the moat is full. \